Cotton genomic variation and genetic studies of fiber traits have progressed

On May 8th, "Natural-Genetics" published a field of cotton genomic variation and fiber trait inheritance in eight fields, including the team of Ma Yingying from Hebei Agricultural University and the Du Xiongming team of the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Research results. For the first time, the study re-sequenced the genomes of 419 core cotton germplasms from major cotton-growing countries such as China, the United States, and Australia, and identified a series of long-term natural selection and artificial breeding, with cotton fiber length and strength. The genomic variation and locus and their distribution patterns related to important traits such as boll weight and clothing scores provide more accurate markers and genetic resources for directional breeding of cotton importance.

The study identified 36,650,30 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by genomic resequencing. By comparing with the SNP variation of the whole genome function gene of wild cotton in the upland cotton, the researchers found that 23876 (33.88%) genes did not have any SNP mutations, indicating that these genes were highly conserved during long-term domestication; 33899 (40.10%) and 6957 were found. (9.87%) genes showed a decrease and increase in SNP variation, suggesting that these genes should be the focus of breeding improvement. At the same time, the researchers identified 13 fiber quality and yield traits such as fiber length, strength, boll weight and clothing score in 12 environments in six regions of the Yellow River Basin, the Yangtze River Basin and the Northwest Inland Cotton Region, and obtained nearly 20 fiber traits. Ten thousand phenotypic data. Based on the genome-wide association analysis of the 3,665,030 SNPs, the researchers identified 11026 SNPs that were significantly associated with 13 traits, and found multiple SNPs with significant associations between fiber length and intensity.

Due to its wide adaptability and high yield characteristics, upland cotton cultivation accounts for more than 90% of global cotton. With the improvement of textile technology, people put forward higher requirements on the quality of cotton fiber. By deepening the molecular basis research on phenotypic variation of germplasm resources and excavating the site of excellent genetic variation, the effective selection of cotton quality and yield is realized. And improvement is still a major scientific issue in cotton breeding.